Corée du Sud: le président déchu appelle à manifester, un an après la loi martiale

Le président sud-coréen déchu Yoon Suk Yeol a lancé mercredi depuis sa prison un appel à manifester à ses partisans et défendu sa décision il y a un an d’imposer la loi martiale, qui avait plongé le pays dans le chaos.Depuis cette éphémère proclamation, le pays reste polarisé et confronté à un ralentissement économique, à la menace persistante de la Corée du Nord et au vieillissement de sa population. Plusieurs milliers de personnes, hostiles à Yoon Suk Yeol, se sont rassemblées mercredi devant l’Assemblée nationale, où les parlementaires avaient bravé l’armée et rejeté la loi martiale quelques heures après son annonce.Parallèlement, une marche a rassemblé plusieurs centaines de partisans de Yoon. Ces derniers portaient des pancartes exigeant sa libération et la destitution du président Lee.”Le moment est venu de se lever à nouveau pour défendre la liberté, l’Etat de droit et la souveraineté nationale de la République de Corée”, a déclaré Yoon Suk Yeol depuis la prison où il est incarcéré dans l’attente de son procès pour insurrection. “Ce pays vous appartient, à vous, le peuple”, a-t-il ajouté, dans un communiqué envoyé par ses avocats.L’ancien président a également affirmé que sa décision de proclamer la loi martiale était justifiée par la lutte contre “les activités traitresses pro-Chine et pro-Corée du Nord”.De son côté, le président de centre-gauche Lee Jae Myung, qui a succédé à M. Yoon après sa destitution en avril, a estimé que les Sud-Coréens avaient surmonté “une crise sans précédent” pour la démocratie, un an jour pour jour après la proclamation éphémère de la loi martiale, le 3 décembre 2024, première tentative en plus de 40 ans.S’adressant à la presse étrangère, il a vanté les avantages de la “K-democracy”, ou démocratie coréenne, parvenue à destituer M. Yoon. Il a toutefois admis que le pays restait profondément polarisé.La participation prévue de M. Lee au rassemblement devant l’Assemblée nationale a été annulée en raison de “risques sécuritaires”, selon son cabinet.Le 3 décembre 2024, dans une allocution surprise à la télévision, Yoon Suk Yeol avait sidéré les Sud-Coréens en proclamant la loi martiale, dépeignant un pays paralysé par l’opposition de gauche et infiltré par des forces communistes pro-nord-coréennes. Yoon avait envoyé l’armée s’emparer de l’Assemblée nationale, mais un nombre suffisant de députés avaient réussi à se faufiler dans l’hémicycle et à voter à l’unanimité l’abrogation de l’état d’exception, tandis que des milliers de manifestants se massaient spontanément devant le bâtiment pour crier leur indignation.- “Emprise” -Les membres du Parti du pouvoir au peuple (PPP) , dont était issu l’ex-président, demeurent divisés sur l’attitude à adopter un an après cette débâcle.Le chef du groupe parlementaire du PPP a déjà présenté ses excuses mercredi pour n’avoir pas empêché la proclamation de la loi martiale.Song Eon-seog a estimé que les députés devraient “ressentir un lourd sentiment de responsabilité pour n’avoir pas empêché la proclamation de la loi martiale qui a causé tant de souffrances à la population”. Mais le chef du parti, Jang Dong-hyuk, a maintenu que la formation conservatrice ne devait pas montrer de remords, écrivant sur les réseaux sociaux que la loi martiale avait servi à “contrer un acte de tyrannie parlementaire”.Une grande partie de la droite continue de “partager la position politique et les intérêts de Yoon Suk Yeol”, explique l’analyste Park Sang-byung à l’AFP. “Cela leur permet de conserver leur emprise sur le parti et de préserver leurs intérêts politiques futurs”, ajoute-t-il.Les déboires judiciaires de M. Yoon, visé par une multitude de procédures pénales, ont également contribué à renforcer son image de martyr auprès de l’extrême droite. Son épouse est également incarcérée, poursuivie pour corruption, manipulation du marché boursier et pour avoir reçu des cadeaux d’une valeur supérieure à 50.000 dollars. C’est la première fois dans la tumultueuse histoire politique de la Corée du Sud qu’un ancien président et une ancienne première dame se retrouvent tous les deux en prison.

Tens of thousands of Gazans need medical evacuation: MSF

A Doctors Without Borders official has pleaded for countries to open their doors to tens of thousands of Gazans in dire need of medical evacuation, warning that hundreds have already died waiting.”The need is really huge,” said Hani Isleem, who coordinates medical evacuations from Gaza for the charity, known by its French acronym MSF.The numbers taken in by countries so far remains “just a drop in the ocean”, Isleem told AFP in an interview on Tuesday.The World Health Organization estimates that more than 8,000 patients have been evacuated out of Gaza since the war erupted following Hamas’s attack inside Israel on October 7, 2023.It says more than 16,500 patients still need treatment outside of the Palestinian territory.Speaking at the MSF headquarters in Geneva after accompanying seriously ill and injured Gaza children to Switzerland for treatment, Isleem said that number was based only on patients registered for medical evacuation and the true figure was higher.”Our estimate is that it is three to four times that number,” he said.To date, over 30 countries have taken patients, but only a handful, including Egypt and the United Arab Emirates, have accepted large numbers.In Europe, Italy has taken over 200 patients, compared to France, which by the end of October had taken 27, and Germany none.- Evacuation pace slowing -Switzerland in November took in 20 Gaza children who arrived in two batches.The 13 children aged two months to 16 years whom Isleem accompanied last week included four babies with severe congenital heart disease, as well as cancer patients and children requiring complex orthopaedic surgery.Without the evacuation, some of those children would not have made it, he said, pointing out that the babies basically went straight to surgery after their arrival in Switzerland to avoid “irreversible damage”.Isleem lamented that as conditions in Gaza become more desperate, the pace of medical evacuations has slowed.Initially, some 1,500 patients left each month on average, but after Israel in May 2024 closed the Rafah crossing into Egypt, the monthly average has dropped to around 70.A US-brokered ceasefire that came into effect on October 10 has not seemed to speed up the process.Nor, surprisingly, has a dramatic drop in Israeli evacuation refusals.Isleem pointed out that the Israeli authorities’ denial rate had plunged from an average of around 90 percent to just five percent in recent months, adding that this was still too high.They should not “block any patients from leaving Gaza to access treatment”, he said.- Stop the ‘shopping list’ -Despite these shifts, there has been no big uptick in evacuations, with 148 carried out in October and 71 last month, with only around 30 expected to take place in December, Isleem said.The problem, he said, was the long and often “politicised” process for nations to accept Gaza’s medical evacuees.”Countries are taking a long time to decide or allocate the budget for these patients, but (they cannot) wait for this discussion to happen.”More than 900 people have died while waiting for evacuations from Gaza since October 2023 — a figure Isleem said was an underestimate.Another problem, Isleem warned, was that “99.9 percent of countries are asking for children”. “They are ignoring completely the adults (who also) need support and lifesaving aid,” he said, pointing out that three quarters of those waiting for medical evacuations were over 18. Governments also impose other criteria, including refusing patients with accompanying family members, and especially with any male siblings over 18.Isleem urged countries to “stop this selection shopping list”, and to “focus only on the needs and saving people’s lives”. 

Mass wedding brings hope amid destruction in Gaza

The couples walked hand in hand, the brides in traditional embroidered Palestinian white and red dresses adorned with red ribbons, the grooms walked beside them in black suits and ties.But the backdrop told a different story: dilapidated buildings, piles of concrete and rubble — the scars of two years of conflict in the Gaza Strip.On Tuesday, 54 couples tied the knot in a mass wedding ceremony in Khan Yunis in southern Gaza — a defiant celebration of life amid the wreckage of war.”We needed a moment of happiness like this, something that could make our hearts feel alive again,” said Karam Musaaed, one of the grooms.On a red carpet laid across rubble-strewn ground, dozens of couples paraded to the beat of drums before ascending a makeshift stage. The brides in their embroidered dresses clutched bridal bouquets containing the Palestinian colours of red, white and green. The grooms walked beside them, waving small flags.The collective ceremony, accompanied by traditional music and dances, drew hundreds of spectators to a city square. Some gathered on the plaza, while others perched precariously on the ruins of surrounding buildings. The newlyweds expressed cautious optimism after two years of devastating war and a crushing humanitarian crisis.”The feeling was very beautiful — a joy we truly needed after all the suffering we went through. After the harsh life, the hunger we endured, and the loss of friends and relatives, the people dearest to us,” said Musaaed.Hikmat Usama, another newlywed, echoed his words.”It’s an indescribable feeling that after all this war, destruction, and everything we lived through, we can return to joy again and start rebuilding a new life. Thank God and, God willing, better days will come,” Usama said.The mass wedding was organised by the Al-Faris Al-Shahim Foundation, an Emirati humanitarian organisation that has delivered aid to Gaza.”We chose this place amid the rubble to say that the ‘dress of joy’ will rise again”, Shareef al-Neyrab, media officer for the organisation in Gaza, told AFP.Once more, the people of Gaza will emerge from the ruins so that Gaza may rejoice, and God willing we will restore its future and rebuild it,” he added.Gazans have slowly begun to rebuild their lives after a US-brokered truce between Israel and Hamas came into effect on October 10.The truce has largely held, though Israel has launched strikes on the territory since.Gaza’s health ministry, which operates under Hamas authority, said that 360 people were killed since the ceasefire took effect. 

Russia, Ukraine prepare for more talks with US on ending war

Russia and Ukraine said Wednesday they were ready for more talks with the United States to end almost four years of war, after US envoy Steve Witkoff and Donald Trump’s son-in-law Jared Kushner left the Kremlin with no breakthrough on a peace deal.Russian leader Vladimir Putin’s talks with the US officials ended in the early hours of Wednesday, with neither side announcing concrete progress.The Kremlin said that no “compromise” had been found on the crucial question of territories.The morning after the meeting, the Kremlin said it had told the Americans what was “unacceptable” to them.Witkoff and Kushner brought an updated version of a US plan to end Europe’s bloodiest war in 80 years, after the US held talks with Kyiv.The Kremlin insisted it was incorrect to say Putin had rejected the plan in its entirety, and that Russia was still committed to diplomacy — despite the Russian leader issuing a stark warning that Moscow was “ready” to fight Europe if it wanted war.”We are still ready to meet as many times as is needed to reach a peace settlement,” said Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov.Ukraine’s Volodymyr Zelensky says any deal should offer lasting peace and ensure Moscow does not attack again.- NATO ministers meeting -As the Americans returned from Moscow, Zelensky announced that his top negotiator Rustem Umerov and army ground chief Andriy Gnatov were headed for Brussels, where NATO foreign ministers were gathering.They will also travel to the US to meet with Trump’s envoys, Zelensky said on social media.Washington’s Steve Witkoff has held a string of Kremlin meetings but has so far not met Ukrainian officials.NATO foreign ministers are due to discuss Washington’s push to end the fighting in Brussels. “Ukrainian representatives will brief their colleagues in Europe on what is known following yesterday’s contacts by the American side in Moscow,” Zelensky said on social media. The fresh talks come as NATO pledges to buy hundreds of millions of dollars worth of US arms for Kyiv. “The peace talks are ongoing, that’s good, but at the same time, we have to make sure that whilst they take place — and we are not sure when they will end — that Ukraine is in the strongest possible position to keep the fight going,” NATO chief Mark Rutte said. – Kremlin blasts Europe – European countries have expressed fears Washington and Moscow will reach agreements without them, and have spent the last weeks trying to amend the US plan so that it does not force Kyiv to capitulate. In Moscow, tensions with Europe were palpable.Putin delivered an exceptionally hawkish statement on Tuesday ahead of meeting the Americans.”We are not planning to go to war with Europe, but if Europe wants to and starts, we are ready right now,” he said.His spokesman on Wednesday accused Europe of being “obsessed with inflicting a strategic defeat on Russia”.Moscow has felt emboldened in recent months by the growing pace of its army’s advance in Ukraine.Earlier this week, Russia claimed control of east Ukrainian hub of Pokrovsk.Ukraine on Tuesday said that fighting for the town — which had 60,000 people before Moscow launched its 2022 offensive — was ongoing. Moscow on Wednesday claimed another village in the Zaporizhzhia region, where it has also made considerable advances in recent weeks. Russia occupies large swathes of eastern and southern Ukraine.Putin has insisted that Kyiv surrender the four Ukrainian regions that Moscow has claimed as its own for any peace deal to be possible.

Honduran ex-president has no plans for political return after Trump pardon, his wife says

Honduran ex-president Juan Orlando Hernandez is not planning any immediate return to his country due to threats for his life, his wife told AFP, after the former leader received a surprise pardon from President Donald Trump. From her home in Tegucigalpa, Ana Garcia thanked the US president, saying the pardon put an end to an “injustice” that she blamed in part on former Democratic President Joe Biden.”He’s not thinking about returning to public or political life, but rather a private life where we can have time as a family and return to our professions,” she said. They are both lawyers. “The situation for him isn’t easy due to the insecurity, the threats against his life, and the constant hate speech this government has directed against him,” Garcia said.Juan Orlando Hernandez was released from a West Virginia prison on Monday after Trump’s pardon and just days after Honduras held s presidential election. He had been sentenced last year to more than four decades behind bars.”We’re just now processing the news. I hadn’t been able to see him, to speak freely with him” Garcia added.Hernandez was convicted of helping to smuggle hundreds of tons of cocaine into the United States starting in 2004, long before he became president.During his two terms at the helm of Honduras from 2014 to 2022, Hernandez was thought of as a loyal ally in the US-led war on drugs.But prosecutors charged Hernandez with using drug money to enrich himself, finance his political campaigns and commit electoral fraud in the 2013 and 2017 elections.In March 2024, he was convicted and in June that year sentenced to 45 years behind bars.Hernandez “has been, according to many people that I greatly respect, treated very harshly and unfairly,” said Trump, whose administration has killed dozens of alleged but unproven drug smugglers in boat strikes in Latin America.Garcia called the pardon a “surprise” after the former president sent a letter to Trump, who had also received a formal legal request for the pardon. “We weren’t expecting a response. I don’t know why it came out the way it did, but President Trump chose to express his will that way, and I am grateful for what he did for my husband, for bringing justice in the face of a terrible injustice,” she said.