Tehranis caught between fear and resolve as air war intensifies

As Israeli air strikes on Tehran show no sign of abating, many residents have fled the Iranian capital. But for others, escape is not an option.”I’ve heard multiple explosions near my home in western Tehran,” said Mina, a 37-year-old computer scientist. “I wanted to leave, but I have several cats and I can’t abandon them.”Israel launched a devastating attack on Friday that has killed at least 224 people — including women and children — leading many parts of the Iranian capital to empty out.The assault prompted a retaliatory barrage from Iran that has killed at least 24 people in Israel, according to the Israeli prime minister’s office.Israel on Monday warned residents to leave a northern district of the capital before striking the headquarters of state television — an attack the broadcaster said killed three people.It came two days after Israel declared it had “opened a path to Tehran” by knocking out Iran’s air defences.But amid the ensuing exodus, those left behind are grappling with fear, shortages and a sense of defiant endurance.On Tuesday, long queues stretched outside bakeries and petrol stations — some several kilometres (miles) long — as remaining residents rushed to stock up on fuel and basic supplies.Grocery and convenience stores stayed open, but markets and jewellery shops across the city remained closed.Security checkpoints have been set up across Tehran, adding to the atmosphere of tension as authorities monitor movement in and out of key districts.- Subdued cityscape  -Traffic in central Tehran was visibly thinner, with sporadic lines forming outside pharmacies.Images posted online — though unverified — showed extensive damage to homes: shattered windows, collapsed facades and debris-filled living rooms.In Tajrish Square, workers scrambled to repair a water pipeline damaged in an earlier strike, while some residents relocated temporarily to access running water.”The regime (Israel) must await harsh punishment,” read one banner in downtown Tehran, displayed alongside portraits of slain Iranian military commanders and nuclear scientists.Other banners quoted Iran’s supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei: “The powerful hand of the Islamic Republic’s armed forces will not relent against the Zionist regime.”The banners -— along with headlines from foreign outlets reporting on Iran’s retaliation — dotted an otherwise subdued cityscape.The Grand Bazaar stayed shut, while a banner in Vali-Asr Square honoured Sahar Emami, the state TV anchor who remained on air during the Israeli strike on the broadcaster’s headquarters.Her image, finger raised in defiance, was paired with a verse from the Persian poet Ferdowsi, celebrating the courage of women “on the battlefield”.While fear grips the capital, what remains is a patchwork of resilience, helplessness — and an uneasy stillness as many await what comes next.

Oil prices rally, stocks slide as traders track Israel-Iran crisis

Oil prices jumped and stocks mostly fell Tuesday after US President Donald Trump abruptly departed G7 talks to monitor the conflict between Israel and Iran and called for Tehran residents to evacuate. Investors’ optimism the previous day that the conflict would not spread throughout the Middle East gave way to fears of further escalation as the conflict entered its fifth day.”Middle East tensions are showing no signs of easing back, putting investors on high alert,” said Russ Mould, investment director at AJ Bell. Trump said he was aiming for a “real end” to the conflict, not just a ceasefire after he departed the G7 summit in Canada.  “Iran should have signed the ‘deal’ I told them to sign,” he said on social media, referring to nuclear talks that were taking place.European equities struggled, with Paris and Frankfurt stocks both shedding over one percent, while London also retreated. In Asia, Hong Kong fell, while Shanghai was flat and Tokyo advanced.Despite mounting calls to de-escalate, neither side has backed off from the missile blitz that began Friday, when Israel targeted Iranian nuclear and military facilities.Oil prices climbed around two percent on Tuesday after swinging between gains and losses since Friday’s initial surge.But gains were tempered after the International Energy Agency said in its 2025 report that global demand would fall slightly in 2030 for the first time since the start of the Covid pandemic in 2020.”We don’t expect high oil prices to be with us for a very long time,” said IEA executive director Fatih Birol.He added that the IEA is “monitoring the situation” and is “ready to act” in the case of a supply disruption. “There are a lot of eyes on the oil markets — not just for geopolitical reasons but for their broader economic impact,” said Matt Britzman, senior equity analyst at Hargreaves Lansdown. “Energy prices remain a crucial piece of the inflation puzzle, and falling oil had been a cornerstone of the US President’s pressure campaign to nudge the Fed toward rate cuts,” he added.Investors are looking ahead to the US Federal Reserve’s decision on Wednesday, with policymakers expected to hold interest rates. Dealers also kept tabs on the G7 summit, where world leaders pushed back against Trump’s trade war, arguing it posed a risk to global economic stability.Britain, Canada, Italy, Japan, Germany and France called on the president to reverse course on his plans to impose even steeper tariffs on countries across the globe next month.Trump managed to sign documents with UK Prime Minister Keir Starmer to confirm an agreement over trade with Britain. On currency markets, the yen edged up against the dollar after the Bank of Japan stood pat on interest rates and said it would slow the tapering of its bond purchases.- Key figures at around 1050 GMT -Brent North Sea Crude: UP 2.0 percent at $74.68 per barrelWest Texas Intermediate: UP 1.8 percent at $73.07 per barrelLondon – FTSE 100: DOWN 0.4 percent at 8,836.05 pointsParis – CAC 40: DOWN 1.0 percent at 7,665.05 Frankfurt – DAX: DOWN 1.2 percent at 23,421.37Tokyo – Nikkei 225: UP 0.6 percent at 38,536.74 (close)Hong Kong – Hang Seng Index: DOWN 0.3 percent at 23,980.30 (close)Shanghai – Composite: FLAT at 3,387.40 (close)New York – Dow: UP 0.8 percent at 42,515.09 (close)Euro/dollar: UP at $1.1568 from $1.1562 on MondayPound/dollar: DOWN at $1.3559 from $1.3579Dollar/yen: DOWN at 144.67 yen from 144.79 yenEuro/pound: UP at 85.32 pence from 85.12 pence

On a French beach, migrants with children sprint towards overcrowded boatsTue, 17 Jun 2025 10:52:57 GMT

As the sun rose over a beach in northern France, migrant men, women and children in orange lifejackets sped along the sand towards the sea under the gaze of French police. Some managed to wade through the water to a dinghy bound for England, but others — deeply disappointed — plodded back into the dunes behind …

On a French beach, migrants with children sprint towards overcrowded boatsTue, 17 Jun 2025 10:52:57 GMT Read More »

Législation américaine: pourquoi les stablecoins ont la cote ?

Le Sénat américain se prononce mardi sur un texte destiné à encadrer les stablecoins, ces cryptomonnaies présentées comme stables car adossées à des actifs traditionnels. Un secteur en plein essor, malgré des risques persistants pour les investisseurs et la stabilité financière. Explications.- Qu’est-ce que les stablecoins ? -Comme toutes les cryptomonnaies, les stablecoins reposent sur une technologie appelée “blockchain”, un registre décentralisé qui permet de se passer des circuits bancaires classiques.Mais à la différence du bitcoin ou de l’ether, les “cryptos” les plus connues, leur valeur est censée rester stable: elle est indexée sur une monnaie traditionnelle comme le dollar ou sur un actif réputé plus sûr comme l’or.Le Tether et l’USDC suivent ainsi le billet vert, avec théoriquement en réserve autant de dollars que de jetons en circulation, pour garantir cette stabilité.Les stablecoins servent à échanger d’autres cryptoactifs et à réaliser des opérations dans la finance décentralisée, sans passer par les banques.Mais leur usage s’est élargi: elles permettent aussi d’effectuer “des paiements transfrontaliers rapides et à faible coût, particulièrement utiles sur les marchés émergents où l’accès aux devises fortes et aux services bancaires” est limité, explique à l’AFP Dessislava Aubert, analyste chez Kaiko. C’est le cas en Argentine, au Nigéria ou en Turquie.Résultat: la capitalisation totale des stablecoins a atteint 246 milliards de dollars en mai, contre 20 milliards en 2020, et le volume de transactions a même dépassé celui de Visa et Mastercard en 2024, relève la Deutsche Bank.Signe de cet essor, l’entreprise Circle, qui émet l’USDC, vient de réaliser une entrée fracassante à la Bourse de New York.- Pourquoi les Etats-Unis veulent-ils réguler ? -Washington souhaite imposer des règles de transparence aux émetteurs de stablecoins américains pour renforcer la sécurité: ces derniers devraient détenir suffisamment d’actifs sûrs et immédiatement mobilisables, comme des dollars ou des bons du Trésor.Des contrôles réguliers sont également prévus pour les plus gros acteurs.Une telle loi permettrait aussi de soutenir la demande pour la dette américaine et le billet vert.L’effondrement du stablecoin Terra en 2022 illustre les risques du secteur: quand la confiance disparaît, la valeur du stablecoin peut chuter rapidement, entraînant des ventes massives de jetons et la vente urgente des actifs qui servent à les garantir.Il est en effet possible que “l’émetteur ne soit pas très fiable” ou se fasse pirater, d’où l’intérêt de contrôles, selon Murat Kantarcioglu, professeur à Virginia Tech.- La loi sera-t-elle suffisante ? -“Les nouvelles règles pourraient compliquer l’émission de stablecoins par les start-up, au risque de laisser quelques grandes entreprises, comme les géants de la technologie, dominer le marché”, souligne Dessislava Aubert.D’après le Wall Street Journal, Amazon et Walmart envisagent d’émettre leur propre stablecoin, que leurs clients pourraient utiliser.L’opposition démocrate cite aussi des risques de spéculation, de blanchiment et de conflits d’intérêts.Elle pointe notamment le rôle de proches de Donald Trump dans le lancement du stablecoin USD1, déjà utilisé par le fonds souverain émirati MGX.Enfin, en cas de faillite d’un émetteur, les pertes liées aux stablecoins “ne sont pas explicitement couvertes par les programmes d’assurance gouvernementaux”, “contrairement aux dépôts bancaires, qui sont assurés jusqu’à 250.000 dollars”, note Mme Aubert.- Et ailleurs ? -En Europe, la réglementation de l’Union européenne sur les cryptomonnaies (Mica), effective depuis décembre, encadre l’émission de stablecoins.Mais “99% de la capitalisation” de ce marché est déjà adossée au dollar, ce qui pose “un risque sérieux de déseuropéanisation et de privatisation de la monnaie”, a récemment mis en garde le gouverneur de la Banque de France François Villeroy de Galhau. Lui défend le projet d’un euro numérique, qui serait garanti par la Banque centrale européenne.Le Royaume-Uni, la Corée du Sud et le Brésil avancent aussi dans la régulation.La Chine, elle, a banni les cryptomonnaies sur son territoire en 2021 et développe à la place sa propre monnaie numérique de banque centrale, l’e-yuan.La Russie envisage elle un stablecoin adossé au rouble ou à des devises amies comme le yuan.