On crutches and with a bullet lodged in his leg, Miami Chauke is among the few people who did not flee the gun attacks that emptied South Africa’s once-bustling settlement of Sporong, where abandoned tin shacks bake in the sun.Hundreds of other residents of the area just west of Johannesburg fled two weeks ago, terrorised by violence, extortion and threats they blame on increasingly brazen illegal gold miners.Taking refuge in a community hall 11 kilometres (seven miles) from their homes, the displaced people of Sporong are among several communities living in fear of the several thousand illegal miners estimated to be operating in South Africa.”They all had guns and we were running but they kept shooting,” 32-year-old Chauke told AFP of the battle one November night that left a bullet in his left leg.”I am still in pain. I can’t walk even for 200 metres,” he said.His plastered leg also prevents him from getting in a car to reach the others, who include his wife and three-year-old daughter. “We don’t have money but they still shoot at us. They just take even the little that we have,” Chauke said.Sporong is an informal settlement about 50 kilometres from Johannesburg, South Africa’s economic capital that was built on a gold rush 140 years ago.The illegal miners — known as “zama zamas” — are after the riches that lie in the ground beneath their humble homes, said Julian Mameng, one of the residents who opted to leave.”The zamas zamas say our place is rich in gold, we are staying on top of money, and that is why they are killing us, using the gun to scare us away,” the 49-year-old told AFP in the community hall, where families share a cramped space. In one incident, at least seven people were shot in a bar, he said. – Terrorising communities -The clandestine artisanal miners, many from neighbouring countries, have become an entrenched presence in the shantytowns that ring Johannesburg and its satellite settlements along the gold reef.Driven by poverty and unemployment, the zama zamas — which means “those who try” in the Zulu language — descend deep into still gold-bearing shafts abandoned by mining companies or dig out new ones.The sector has been linked to organised crime, assassinations, extortion and other illegal activities, leading the government to launch a nationwide crackdown in December 2023. More than 30,000 people have been arrested and over 4,000 illegal firearms seized, police said last month.In December, nine people were killed when gunmen opened fire in a tavern in the same municipality as Sporong, an attack that was reportedly linked to a running turf war over abandoned gold mine shafts.”That place is not good,” said Maria Modikwa, 60;She escaped with her family of six, including a 10‑month‑old grandchild, carrying little more than two blankets and clothes to last a few days.”They shot at us every day, terrorised us, always demanded money, took our phones and bank cards,” she told AFP at the Randfontein hall.Most of the people sheltering there sleep on the floor, with thin mattresses for the lucky few.Plastic sheets black out the windows. Food, donated by well‑wishers, is cooked on a single gas stove.Police said on Thursday they would step up operations to flush out illegal miners at Sporong, including deploying two armoured trucks. Local leaders have called for the army to be sent in.But the promises are little reassurance for Modikwa, who says she will only consider returning if an officer is posted to “protect me day and night.”
